How much before TDC is the timing?

The injection timing stood on 27 degrees before TDC, it should be 24 degrees.

Has the engine been stripped down at all? If it has, the cam may be 1/2 turn off and should be realigned. Make sure no 1 cylinder is at TDC and that the valves are not moving . On a 4 cylinder you will se the valve change on cyl.4 when cyl 1 is TDC. Check that you have spark on any cylinder by fitting a spark plug and hold it to earth. Check your coil lead.

Your crankshaft turns 2x times the camshaft. Put it this way as # 1 cylinder reaches TDC (top dead center) of the firing/compression stroke, and this will be after a (8 degs BTDC) spark to ignite the air/fuel mix, the # 3 cyl. will be at BDC of the intake stroke and as #1 begins its power down stroke, (during explosion of air/fuel mix), #3 begins its compression up stroke, the #4 cyl. will be coming down with #1 cyl. but #4 will be in the beginning of its intake down stroke, and #2 cyl. will be coming up with #3 but #2will be in its BDC of the exhaust stroke. Which has just fired previously to #1. 1342134213421342 etc. Now the cam turns to open / close the valves; In the outline above, #1 cyl. valves will both be closed. #3 cyl. will have the intake starting to close at this point. #4 cyl. will just be starting to open its intake valve, and #2 will be starting to open its exhaust valve. Is all this clear as mud? So as the crank makes one full rotation (in a 4cyl. engine) only the firing of one cylinder has happened.and at every rotation one cyl. will fire. So #1 at TDC then one full rotation, #1 back at TDC, but this TDC is half of its 4 cycles, (1)Intake, (2)compression, (3)power, (4)exhaust. this 1234 refers to the 4 cycles of the rotation not firing order.

There is no manual adjustment for timing, this is done digitally by using a VAG 1552 scan tool or equivalent. Now if timing mark is all you need just to serve your curiosity then there are a couple.

Set engine to TDC for cylinder #1 by turning the crankshaft until timing mark on flywheel or torque converter aligns with marks on the transmission case.

• Manual Transmission

Confirm that engine is set to TDC for cyl #1 by checking that the timing mark on the flywheel lines up with notch at inspection hole on manual trans.

• Automatic Transmission

Confirm that engine is set to TDC for cyl #1 by checking that the timing mark on torque coverter lines up with the edge of the inspection hole on automatic transmission.

Remove upper toothed belt cover. Once removed, you will see the letters O.T. with an arrow on the upper rear toothed belt guard. Check that mark on camshaft pulley is aligned with mark on toothed belt guard. This brings camshaft to TDC for cyl. #1.

It is unlikely that a belt has skipped a cog, but if that happens your engine will run very rough or not operate at all. You might have other issue in the air metering sensors (MAF) which doesn't take account of temperature. That means whether the engine is cold or holt it will always run rough and definitely activate an MIL.

engine cold..

use firing order 1, 3 ,2, 4..

cyl #1 on tdc @ crankshaft, check adjust valve on using locknut / screw.
#3 next
#2 after that
#4 last.
bring each cyl to tdc

in = 10in
ex= 14in

good luck

Cylinder Head Assembly: Specifications
Torque & Tightening Sequence
Tighten cylinder head as follows:
Stage I .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 40 Nm (30 ft. lbs.)
Stage II ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1/4 turn (90°)
Stage III ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 1/4 turn (90°)


_____________________________________________
Timing Component Alignment Marks: Locations
Caution: Incorrect removal or installation of the timing belt can result in damage to internal engine components.
- Turn crankshaft to cyl. 1 TDC (arrow) (Engine with manual transmission shown).
- Turn crankshaft to cyl. 1 TDC (arrow) (Engine with automatic transmission shown).
For complete Timing Belt Removal and Installation information: See: Timing Belt/Service and Repair

when you bring the piston to TDC on the compression stroke
slide the distributor in and point the rotor towards the number one cylinder once you get it all back together but dont tighten the distributor down tight because you still have to adjust timing

hi from uk hope this will explain TDC valve positions ? when the crankshaft is at tdc this means that numbers 1 and 4 pistons are both at tdc but only one of the cylinders are on firing mode so if let us say in relation to 4cyl engine the fire order is 1 3 4 2 the c/shaft is at tdc ? but for which cyl ? 1 or 4 ? to check look if the camshaft mark is at its mark or check rotor arm ?if at 1 or 4 ? if it isat no1 cyl then both of the valves for that cyl are fully closed whilst no4 cyl valves are at the point of exhaust valve just closed and inlet just about to open this is correct for tdc number 1 cyl firing stroke ?ok so far ? now then if c/shaftmark is atTDC it may be number 4 cyl ready to fire? that is because the camshaft rotates at half speed to the crankshaft soyou need to rotate crank 360 deg to bring cyls 1 + 4 to tdc again then it will be cyl 1 at tdc on firing stroke along with rotor arm at No 1 plug lead and both valves for No 1 cyl will be closed (the cam lobes will be facing up whereas No 4 cyl valves will be pointing down ) hope this is clear for you to understand? if you look at any 4 cyl engine the sequense is the same for No 1 TDC but firing orders may change ie fords 1 2 4 3 is fire order they use as apposed to 1 3 4 2 ? OK? CURIOUSE why you asked? but best wishes and merry xmas from uk

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I agree, jumped timing. Check to make sure the dist is tight. Than check for tdc on the #1 cylinder. When the #1 cyl is TDC the rotor should be pointing to that wire on the cap. Take the cap off while checking. Also is easier to turn motor by hand without plugs in motor.